Paradise Lost Eve Analysis - 984 Words

Milton’s Presentation of Eve Most of the readers accuse John Milton for being a misogynist and an anti-feminist. However, I believe Milton is a pro-feminist who holds a modern view of women being leaders and decision makers. In Paradise Lost, Milton emphasises the idea of equality, free will and dialogue. The author reveals Adam and Eve’s relationship and highlights Eve’s liberty, freedom and Adam’s need for her. Consequently, we find many instances where Milton serves Eve’s right with Adam and establishes her equality through self-judgement and independence. The origin of Eve is one of the instances where Milton reveals her importance and equality to Adam. In the poem, it is Adam who prays to God for a partner†¦show more content†¦The preference shows her willingness and independence. Eve and Adam possess different personalities, therefore Eve due to her aesthetic nature leaves to hear the story from Adam who could give an account of the c onversation mixing it with love and absolute attention towards Eve. As Milton, the narrator says, â€Å"Her husband the Relater she preferr’d Before the Angel, and of him to ask Chose rather: hee, she knew, would intermix Grateful digressions, and solve high dispute With conjugal caresses, from his Lip Not Words alone pleas’d her† (VIII. 53-8). If Eve was not capable of grasping such knowledge, she would have just been shown uninterested but rather Milton, the narrator, clears Eve’s position through her interest and willingness to hear the story from Adam. Therefore, intellectual powers has nothing to do with her leaving the conversation. Eve, on the other hand is shown strong and rightly embodies female nature which is different but equal to that of Adam. Milton, the author, establishes a relationship between the two that is based on interdependence. He, hence, draws our attention to Adam and Eve who are both weaker and more vulnerable when separated from each other. One such example can be seen when Eve divides the labor and leaves to work in the garden. Adam is seen worried and forecasts a greater possibility of potential harm by Satan when both are separate and alone. ThroughShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis Of Adam And Eve In Paradise Lost1567 Words   |  7 PagesOne of Milton’s most compelling interpr etations in Paradise Lost and it’s the story of the creation involve its very first embodiments of mankind, Adam and Eve. The poem’s first depiction of Adam and Eve in their unfallen paradise accentuates their nobility, dignity and perfection, their unfallen aristocratic posture as they rule over the sacred garden of Eden. In this state of innocence, Adam and Eve discover themselves and eventually one another, allowing them to explore and interpret their ownRead MoreMovie Analysis : Paradise Lost By John Milton Sets Up Adam And Eve1636 Words   |  7 PagesGender Binary in Paradise Lost Paradise Lost by John Milton sets up Adam and Eve in complete binary opposition, with dominance and gender as the controlling factors. There is a struggle between Adam, who believes Eve to be inferior, and Eve, who can control Adam through his desires; this is used by Milton to show that women and men have equal strength, but their skills lie in different areas. This would make them opposite, indeed, but not truly very different. However, despite this realization ofRead MoreThe Female Character in the Epic Stories Paradise Lost and the Ramayana1555 Words   |  7 PagesTHE FEMALE CHARACTER IN THE EPIC STORIES PARADISE LOST AND THE RAMAYANA [Name of the Student] [Name of the Instructor] [Subject] [Date] The Ramayana and Paradise Lost hold stories of ancient times that tend to explain the existence of two different cultures in the present world. Milton, the author of ‘Paradise Lost,’ concerns himself with the Christian story of the ‘Fall of man’ while Valmiki, the author of The Ramayana, tries to bring out an explanation to the goalsRead MoreFeminist Analysis Of Paradise Lost By John Milton1124 Words   |  5 PagesAkejah McLaughlin Professor Jennifer Rohrer-Walsh HON 2010 7 November 2017 Feminist Analysis of Paradise Lost The Book of Genesis is an introductive biblical passage in the Old Testament that summarizes the creation of the universe, humanity, and the downfall of man. Writer John Milton gives an alternate version of this phenomenon in his epic Paradise Lost that illustrates not only the consequences of disobedience from God, but the distinct gender differences between men and women. Through theRead MoreAnalysis Of John s Milton s Paradise Lost 1636 Words   |  7 Pages This is but one example of Satan’s sympathy toward humanity in Paradise Lost, John’s Milton’s epic poem that details Satan’s involvement in tempting Adam and Eve to rebel against God, and thus be punished with expulsion from the Garden of Eden. In both Christian and Jewish doctrines, Satan is often painted as a malevolent, treacherous being. Further, many readers often view Satan’s decision to tempt Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost as one that comes from a place of cruelty rather than concer n. InRead MoreLord Of The Flies, By John Milton Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesWhile reading the epic, Paradise Lost, by John Milton, something came to my mind: Lord of the Flies. There were similarities between these two readings, almost like Lord of the Flies is a biblical allegory to Paradise Lost. I was discovering biblical allusions in the novel Lord of the Flies, something I didn’t discover when I read the novel three years ago, Many debates between critics have been made about Lord of the Flies being a biblical allegory due to its substantial amount of allusions to Judeo-ChristianRead MoreFrankenstein1237 Words   |  5 Pageshuman development of emotions and has a factor of religion that affects it. Mary Shelly is able to portray this to the readers through the use of literary elements such as characterisation, events, shifting perspective and intertextual analysis such as â€Å"Paradise Lost†. Victor Frankenstein had a simple childhood, as he developed he gained a thirst for more knowledge, which can ultimately bring destruction towards humanity. Victor Frankenstein studied chemistry and alchemy; this requires a lot of persistenceRead MoreBiblical Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1376 Words   |  6 Pages Alexandria Harris Mrs. Mitchell AP Literature 16 November 2015 Biblical Analysis: Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley often refers to the bible on a number of occasions. However, it is worth noting that many references used by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein can often be identified in Genesis. Much like Genesis, the story of Frankenstein is a viable creation story. The book of Genesis first explains the creation of man and woman, and also recounts the fall of humanity. Unlike GenesisRead MoreAntigone And Paradise Lost1465 Words   |  6 Pagesgoes against the status quo, such as Antigone. Societies also have people who overly conform, in turn suffering negative consequences, such as Eve. If a comparison of both works (Antigone and Paradise Lost) are taken, it will remain obvious that Antigone materializes as a stronger, more self-independent character who is against the societal norms, whereas Eve lacks enough inner strength and willpower to avoid conforming to the origin of the negativity of social norms. In general, society is not anRead More A Comparison of God and Satan in Paradise Lost Essay1571 Words   |  7 PagesComparison of God and Satan in Paradise Lost      Ã‚   In this essay I shall be focusing on the characters of G-d and Satan from Paradise Lost by John Milton.   Within the essay I shall be attempting to elucidate on the themes of ambiguity of the two characters as well as the uncertainty of moral integrity of each, characterized by Johns Miltons use of sentence structure, private thoughts and symbolism.    Foremost I would like to look at the way the way in which Milton characterizes the

Single Sex Education Research Paper - 721 Words

Denisse Franco Mrs. Kirkpatrick English 4, Period 6 18, April 2017 Single-sex Education Research Paper Many Americans go back and forth about whether an all boys (girls) school is a good idea to enroll their kids in. Therefore, many people are not well informed of the benefits or disadvantage in this type of education system (single-sex). This type of education includes the children that attend single sex schools are often brighter than those who attend regular schools with both sexes. Also they have an advantage of having a high self esteem because they aren’t worried about what the other sex thinks about them, they have high confidence in themselves. But there is a downfall, students may have to overcome an obstacle in the real world†¦show more content†¦An example, if attending a same sex school, girls often tend to be much more worried about their looks rather than their school work and school related things. They may just get out of class and lose valuable teaching time to go to the restroom and make sure their hair is out of pl ace or that they don’t look horrendous. But seemingly parents often go about what is the best choice for their children when it comes to learning. As well, single-sex education is the separation of students based on their gender into separate classes. Segregation between races in unconstitutional therefore segregation between sexes should not be allowed in classrooms as well. It is also viewed that single sex education promotes gender stereotyping. Single-sex education also reduces the opportunity for boys and girls to work together. In the work world males and females are forced to work together therefore it is important for boys and girls to learn how to work together at a young age school. One of the major opposing points is that not all boys are masculine and not all girls are famine so by separating based on the norm does not help children who are not considered the norm. Single-sex education is discriminatory some studies have shown that a higher percentage of girls in a class can decrease disruptions and also helps generate better relationships between all students and teachers. Students willShow MoreRelatedSame Sex Classrooms1173 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 2 Draft Research Plan for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Benefits of having Same-Sex Schoolsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?       I would first like to reflect on my topic.  Ã‚  The main focus of the paper is to point out the advantages and benefits of having same-sex schools.  Ã‚  Since I am for same-sex schools, the first sentence of the introduction will be general.  Ã‚  I will quote a strong general statement that will grab the readerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s attention and make them want to read more without getting bored.  Ã‚  After that, I am planning on including one or twoRead MoreBasic Statistics Essay examples919 Words   |  4 Pages| Project paper and Feasibility Paper: Week 2 | As preparation for the final research paper, formulate a theory about the correlation between measurable independent variables (causes) and one measurable dependent variable (the effect). Be sure to have at least two independent variables for proposed research paper. The topic proposal should include the following four items which serve as the foundation for the final research paper after instructor feedback is given. | 1) Purpose Statement InRead MoreDo Childern Learn Better in Boys-Only and Girls-Only Schools?878 Words   |  4 PagesTable of Contents INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.1 REASONS FOR SINGLE SEX SCHOOLS’ STUDENTS LEARN BETTER†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2 TITLE IX OF THE EDUCATION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 CALCULATIONS OF NCEA AND FCAT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 CONCLUSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 BIBLIOGRAPHY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.6 INRODUCTION There are several types of schools; public schools, private schools, international schools etc†¦. Each type of schools separates for two categories;Read MoreThe Debate Over Single Sex Schools958 Words   |  4 PagesThe debate over single-sex schools Single-sex schools are becoming more common. According to some religion reasons, several countries such as Saudi Arabia only have single-sex schools. However, the effect and rationality of single-sex schools are an ongoing controversy, that being debated in a worldwide range. In this essay, the cases for and against single-sex education will be discussed. This essay will firstly present some positive impacts of single-sex schools, including an increase in students’Read MoreDo Same-Sex High Schools Promote Educational Success?1584 Words   |  7 PagesDo Same-Sex High Schools Promote Educational Success? By Kyle Neugebauer 3/11/2012 In this paper I am going to try to persuade you that same-sex high schools promote educational success. Single-sex education is an old approach that has recently gained new momentum. When we think about single-sex education, we tend to think just about private schools; however, there is a new push to create same-sex education in public schools as well. There are several arguments and statistics I will useRead MoreAre There Benefits For Attending A Single Sex School? Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesAre there benefits to attending a single-sex school? â€Å"If you want your daughter to be a high-flying businesswoman or banker, send her to a single-sex school.† (The Guardian online) New research concludes consistency in relationship between gender and education styles. Single gender classes perform better when separated in their pre-teens. It is not only the religious aspect of education; it is a proven fact that girls and boys learn differently. They have different physical and emotional needs toRead MoreSingle-Sex Schools Benefits974 Words   |  4 PagesSingle-sex school s benefits In some countries single-sex schools is not provided and against the law. In 2002, only a dozen schools were separating sexes and this research is according to the National Association for Single Sex Public Education. Many parents believe that placing their child in single-sex schools give them sexual freedom. Students in single-sex school benefit more than those in co-education. It improves the behaviour, performance of the students, although boys and girlsRead MoreAre Girls And Girls Have Trouble Paying Attention Within The Same Classroom?1325 Words   |  6 Pagespurposes, if children do learn better in same sex schools without the hormonal distractions. In my opinion, I think we would be better educated in a classroom with the same sex. There are less distractions and more of the same thought processes and maturity output. Guys don’t always put in their all when a woman is present, as an example in poetry or something feminine. Also, girls are most likely to put in less effort in front of guys in a physical education class. Most kids, in high school, collegeRead MoreSingle Sex Schools Are Becoming More Common891 Words   |  4 PagesSingle-sex schools are becoming more common. According to some religious reasons, several countries such as Saudi Arabia only have single-sex schools. However, the effect and rationality of single-sex schools are an ongoing controversy, that are being debated around the world. In this essay, the cases for and against single-sex education will be discussed. This essay will firstly present some positive impacts of single-sex schools, including an increase in students’ academic achievement and a decreaseRead MorePremartial Sex948 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction This paper will include my research on premarital sex. For many years, premarital sex has been seen as a type of deviant behavior; but like many other concepts, deviant behavior can be define in many ways. This research will include a clear definition of deviant behavior and its relationship with premarital sex. Deviant Behavior Defined According to the Sociology Index, deviance is nonconformity to social norms. However, often deviance is simply conformity to the norms or standards

Systems Engineering

Questions: 1. For a gasoline-powered passenger automobile, consider the following subsystems:Drive Train, Frame and Body, and Electrical System. For each of these, group togethertheir major components using the principles of significance (performs an importantfunction), singularity (largely falls within a simple discipline), and commonality (foundin a variety of system types).2. The space shuttle is an example of an extremely complicated system using leadingedge technology. Give three examples of shuttle components that you think epresentedunproven technology at the time of its development, and which much have required extensive prototyping and testing to reduce operational risks to an acceptable level.3. What role does exploratory research and development conducted prior to the establishment of a formal system acquisition program play in advancing the objective ofa system acquisition program? What are the main differences between the organization and funding of RD programs and system developme nt programs? (This questionrequires you to stretch you insights, since the textbook does not give a template answer. To answer this question effectively, reflect on the following questions: What are keycharacteristics of RD that have management impacts? What do we mean by exploratoryRD, and where does it fit in the overall system development process? How doesmanaging an RD effort differ from managing a traditional engineering systemdevelopment project, e.g., designing and building a new house?4. Both the concept exploration and concept definition phases analyze severalalternative system concepts. Explain the principal differences in the objectives of thisprocess in the two phases and in the manner in which the analysis is performed. Answers: 1. A gasoline-powered passenger automobile can be defined as a self-powered wheeled vehicle that can be used for the purpose of transportation (Tousignant et al., 2013). In general, passenger automobiles are designed for transporting around 4 to 8 people on roadways, and are thus equipped for systems that can be used for driving the car around, parking the same, ensuring the safety and comfort of the passengers, managing a variety of lighting systems, and so on and so forth. The most essential components of gasoline-powered passenger automobile are the following: Drive Train: The drive train is that particular subsystem of an automobile that consists of all those machine components essential for providing power to the wheels. However, the motor that generates the power, that is the engine of the car, is not included in this particular subsystem. The primary function of the drive train is to ensure the coupling between the power generator (that is the engine) and the power consumer (that is the drive wheels) such that the automobile runs smoothly (Johannesson Speckert, 2013). Frame and Body: The frame and body of the automobile, that is the vehicle frame, is that structural framework on which the other components of the car are fitted. Thus, the frame of an automobile is analogous to the skeleton of any organism. Electrical System: The electrical system of any automobile is that essential subsystem that ensures that power reaches all those components of the vehicle for that are essential for its smooth operation. In the light of the information provided in the section above, the essential components of a gasoline-powered passenger automobile can be grouped in the following manner: Principles of significance: All the above-mentioned subsystems are essential for the performance of the car and are thus being grouped together (Tousignant et al., 2013). Singularity: The electrical system and the Drive train perform similar activities and are thus being grouped together. Commonality: The electrical system and the Drive train are commonly found in vehicular systems of all kinds and are thus being grouped together. 2. A Space Shuttle can be defined as a reusable, low Earth orbitalspacecraftsystem, that have been designed and developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States (commonly known as NASA). It is worth mentioning that space shuttles are generally designed and developed according to the specific requirements of the Space Shuttle program. Researchers Crucian et al. (2013) comment that the entire concept of developing spacecrafts that can be utilized more than one was practically revolutionary in the early days of the space shuttle program. However, those subsystems that demanded intense research work and testing efforts have been briefly discussed in the following section of the paper: Orbiter vehicle: The orbital vehicle, that resembles traditional aircrafts, is one of the most essential components of a space shuttle. The orbiters used in space shuttles are around 18m long and weigh around 200,000 to 230,000 pounds. The orbiter vehicles are designed in order to withstand at least 100 missions. Researcher Heppenheimer (2014) is of the opinion that extensive research works were conducted for developing orbiter vehicles that capable of withstanding multiple usage, along with the systemic testing and validation of each of the proposed designs. Solid Rocket boosters: According to Crucian et al. (2013), the solid rocket boosters included within space shuttles were at that point of time by far the largest propellant motors designed by human beings. The 116 feet long and 12 feet wide solid rocket booster motors are capable of housing as much as a few million pounds of fuel, thus supporting the combustion required for the takeoff of the space shuttle. The researchers are of the opinion that developing a propulsion motor of such caliber was ahead technology available at that particular phase of time. The primary engines, that run on liquid hydrogen and oxygen were designed specifically for the space shuttle program and had to be tested several times before attaining perfection. 3. According to Carafoli and Montecucco (2016), exploratory research designs are effectively utilized in conducting research works typically in such cases in which the problem being focused on has not been defined properly. The researchers are of the opinion that exploratory research helps in the development of the concept in a much clearer manner, thus establishing the research goals, objectives and priorities in an effective manner. A formal system acquisition program helps in the formalization of the specific requirements of the system being designed. Thus, it can be said that exploratory research and development helps in defining the entire concept to be designed. According to researchers Muscio, Quaglione and Vallanti (2013), the process of funding Research and Development programs has certain characteristic differences with that of making arrangements for funds to be utilized in system development programs. The authors are of the opinion that most Research and Development programs are funded by government authorities: either by the state government itself or departments belonging to the same. Thus, in spite of technically being dependent on the government for the funding process, the administrative authorities associated with R and D programs report to public authorities regarding their progress. On the other hand, system development programs are solely managed by administrative personnel who are made responsible for the management of the entire project, starting from managing the funds being provided by any organization to proper allocation of the entire budget. Thus, it can be said that the primary difference between the funding process of system development programs and RD programs lays in the fact that R and D programs have to depend on government agencies for the funds, whereas organizations themselves fund their system development programs. Thus, vast research works (including the development of new designs, along with the testing and validation of the same) were required for the development of each of the components. 4. Muscio, Quaglione and Vallanti (2013) opined that the definition phase of the important objective can make sure the potential conceptual opportunities that explore the phase of setting up the requirements of system performance. On the other hand, Olsen (2012) argued that in the phase of concept development, comparison between individual functions and system functions have been explored with the subsystems. Adams et al. (2014) suggested that in the concept development phase, concepts are virtualized. Therefore, the concept definition and concept exploration is not the same. According to Adams et al. (2014), the primary objective of the concept definition phase is to ensure that no potential concept design is missed out from being considered. On the other hand, the concept exploration phase is associated with the identification of the specific requirements of any system and the consequent transmission of the same to the concept definition phase. Researcher Olsen (2012) on the other hand are o the opinion that the concept development phase is essentially associated with the task of conducting a comparison among the various systems available, all the while considering the concepts to be individual systems (in contrast to considering them as separate functionalities). However, the individual functionalities of the said concepts are considered and compared in the concept definition phase. Last but not the least, the specific requirements of the system under consideration are explored in details in the concept exploration phase, along with all the subsystems of the same. Besides this, the functionalities to be included in the system (along with all the subsystems) in consideration are also explored in this particular phase. However, it is worth mentioning that the emphasis is made only on the components of the system. Thus, it can be said the process of analysis conducted in the concept definition phase is entirely different from that of used in the concept exploration phase. References Adams, K. M., Hester, P. T., Bradley, J. M., Meyers, T. J., Keating, C. B. (2014). Systems theory as the foundation for understanding systems.Systems Engineering,17(1), 112-123. Carafoli, E., Montecucco, C. (2016). Research funding: Reform oversight of Italy's science funds.Nature,533(7602), 179-179. Crucian, B., Stowe, R., Mehta, S., Uchakin, P., Quiriarte, H., Pierson, D., Sams, C. (2013). Immune system dysregulation occurs during short duration spaceflight on board the space shuttle.Journal of clinical immunology,33(2), 456-465. Heppenheimer, T. A. (2014).History of the Space Shuttle, Volume Two: Development of the Space Shuttle, 1972-1981(Vol. 2). Smithsonian Institution. Johannesson, P., Speckert, M. (Eds.). (2013).Guide to load analysis for durability in vehicle engineering. John Wiley Sons. Muscio, A., Quaglione, D., Vallanti, G. (2013). Does government funding complement or substitute private research funding to universities?.Research Policy,42(1), 63-75. Olsen, A. (2012).Systems engineering using SDL-92. Newnes. Tousignant, T., Govindswamy, K., Tomazic, D., Eisele, G., Genender, P. (2013).NVH Target Cascading from Customer Interface to Vehicle Subsystems(No. 2013-01-1980). SAE Technical Paper.

The Office Of President Of The United States Of America Was Never Supp Essay Example For Students

The Office Of President Of The United States Of America Was Never Supp Essay osed to be an easy position to ascertain. The Founding Fathers went to great lengths when they met in Philadelphia to establish a system that would ensure no man would have the ability to be elected who was not in the best interests of the United States. The electoral college system a check on the impulsive voters of the newly formed nation the age requirement, the citizenship clause and, a final check, the impeachment provisions, all guarantee that the best possible person will hold the office. In modern times, the demands on any presidential candidate have changed greatly. In the early years, if a candidate wanted a chance at serving as the constitutional President, he, yes he, would have had to either been involved in the revolution or in the writing of the Constitution itself. We will write a custom essay on The Office Of President Of The United States Of America Was Never Supp specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In the year 2000, a presidential candidate will have a totally different set of difficulties to face. Fund raising and sound-bytes, primaries and public appearances, conventions and the campaign trail have become the giant steps on the road to the White House. The great paradox, however, is that the skills and talents needed to be elected are very different from the expertise needed to govern the richest and most powerful nation in the world. What will be required of a presidential candidate in the year 2000 if he or she wants to be elected ? First, he or she will need to be at least thirty-five years of age. Though there is no age maximum for a President, older candidates tend to have less appeal with the American people and more emphasis is placed on their Vice Presidential candidate with the assumption that the candidate, if elected, would die in office. Second, he or she must be a natural born American citizen. Third, a candidate will need to receive 270 electoral votes to be elected. The three criteria above are the official, Constitutional requirements for a person to be elected to the Presidency. The modern day, unofficial requirements are much more difficult for a candidate to meet. According to Cronin and Genovese , a candidate has ten additional challenges to face, not including an opponent from the opposite or multiple other parties. The ability to raise money, some form of name recognition, having a favorable relationship with the press, travelling to major states, speaking engagements are all key to securing a national election. Fundraising has become the single most important element in the election process. Campaign fundraising for an upcoming election begins as soon as a current election has ended and, on the presidential scale, is a four-year project. Contributions from corporations, private citizens, special interest groups, lobbyists and from China are all used by a political party to fund a presidential campaign. From a purely economic standpoint, it seems ridiculous to spend $61.8 million in government funds alone to be elected to an office that, at its absolute most, will pay only $1. 6 million. However, the power and influence an Administration will have is seen as more than worth the expense. A first term President still needs to be adept at raising funds, especially if he sees himself running for and winning a second term. Second term Presidents often use their office to continue to raise funds for their partys congressional elections. The need to raise money, however, is not a skill needed in governing our nation. Public speaking is a skill that is necessary for a year 2000 candidate and has also become a requirement for a President. In our age of media, every word a candidate or President utters is recorded somewhere and broadcast in to millions of homes around the world. Ronald Reagan, dubbed the great communicator, was one of the best public speakers the Presidency has ever seen. .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .postImageUrl , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:hover , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:visited , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:active { border:0!important; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:active , .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucc4dd7d83871c840bee300586a9c1d5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Acid Rain (6748 words) Essay In the campaign of 1980, Reagan gave impassioned speeches around the nation proclaiming that ?government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem?.He used his communications skills to speak to every American and to appeal to the sense of optimism that all Americans have. Even the great orators of Presidential past, like Lincoln or the Roosevelts , would have struggled with the intrusive media that exists today. Many Lincoln biographers note that in the age of television, Abraham Lincoln, one of our best Presidents, might not have been elected. Public speaking is important once elected because that is when a President will announce new programs, try to sway Congressmen or appeal directly to the American people. The State of the Union Address is one of the most important speeches a President gives each year and the best Addresses are given by great orators like Bill Clinton or Ronald Reagan. When the Presidential job description is examined, it is easily noticeable that some duties do not coincide with the challenges of elections while others fit more easily. Crisis management is a skill used on both the governing and campaigning fronts but in different ways. Crisis management for the Clinton election team involved responding to allegations of draft-dodging and adultery whereas a Bush administration crisis was the Persian Gulf War. Symbolic leadership is more difficult to apply to a candidate. Candidates for election speak to what we, as Americans want from a President; they speak to our beliefs and to our goals and to our dreams. Priority setting is simple for a candidate. The concerns of whatever group they happen to be addressing become the candidates number one priority for that particular minute. Once elected, who knows where milk prices will fall on the Presidential priority list but when a candidate is addressing the American Dairy Farmers, milk prices are number one. Legislative and political coalition building is important for a President whereas voter coalition building is important to a candidate. A President builds a legislative coalition by supporting opposing ideas in exchange for votes on crucial issues that he is pushing. A candidate builds voter coalition by promising anything and everything; the trick is to take all the promises made during a campaign and comprise an agenda for an Administration. Program implementation is a role that falls squarely on the President, not the candidate. A candidate may hint as to what programs he or she would like to implement if elected, specific details tend to be few and far between while on the campaign trail. Lastly, government oversight is a duty that only the President can have. A person seeking the office is usually not involved in the government and could not be involved in oversight.Often times, we look at candidates based on what they are doing while campaigning for the office of President. We watch the evening news and see a thirty second clip of a twenty minute speech and base our opinion of a candidate on that. They look good in debates, they are out kissing babies and shaking hands, they appear to be common-folk, they would make a good President, right ? In some cases, wrong. The ability to campaign is important to getting elected but the legacy of the President is determined by what they do when elected, not by their campaign. If the greatest man in the world ran a terrible campaign, did not raise the needed money, or could not meet the rigorous public appearance schedule, he would not get elected. However, the worst man in the world could run a beautiful campaign. He could have a huge campaign war chest, appeal to everyone, hold a whistle-stop train tour around the nation, get elected and turn out as the worst person to ever hold the office. .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .postImageUrl , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:hover , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:visited , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:active { border:0!important; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:active , .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5043d3ea28d61ba3667ddc5ff27da4af:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Meritocracy Essay We look at how they campaign, not at how they will actually run the country. We hear their words but are blind to their past actions. That is the great paradox.

The Effect Of Advertising on Personal Appearence essays

The Effect Of Advertising on Personal Appearence essays What does it mean to be physically fit? Does it mean you can throw a football like John Elway, or hit a baseball like Sammy Sosa? Does it mean you can run a mile in one hundred degree weather under twelve minutes, or swim fifteen laps across a pool in one minute? Is physical fitness being anorexic or being on steroids. Thats what the media makes it look like. The average female super model is up to fifty pounds underweight. Sixty-two percent of football players take some form of muscle enhancing product. Many girls worry about their physical appearance. They want to look like the model in this add for Calvin Klein and other advertisements. They think thats how everyone wants them to look. Many will go to any length to get that way. That often leads to serious eating disorders like anorexia. Its crazy because even the models dont look like the adds. Almost ninety-six percent of magazine and t.v adds are touched up by computer to look perfect. The effect advertising has on some peoples personal appearance is bad. Even people that dont develop eating disorders still feel bad about themselves at one point or another because they dont look like the advertisements, like society wants them to look. The standard that the media shows has other negative effects besides eating disorders. It can also lead to shame, guilt, stress, depression, and a lack of confidence. Its not just girls that are shown in these ads. Guys are shown that they should be muscular, and well built. They sometimes turn to steroids to get like that. Some even develop eating disorders. Guys also get a lack of confidence, they just wont admit it. Most advertising discourages acceptance of people that are different than you. They show you people that look almost perfect, and a lot of people judge you on how you look compared to the models on t.v and in magazines. ...

Islamic life essays

Islamic life essays Islamic life, what you didnt know. In the beginning of Islam civilization, the Islamic people were open-minded, but cautious on what people had to say. The Muslims adopted elements of Christianity, Judaism, and polytheistic beliefs and practices. In the early civilization, Islam advanced rapidly and dramatically, due to the knowledge on literature, art, and philosophy. While the Europeans were suffering the Dark Ages, Muslims felt they suffered abuse for their faith. Bloom and Blair discuss why this is one of the fastest growing religions worldwide and how they have successfully flourished. Clearly, the most unifying aspect to the Islamic civilization was Muhammad, prophet of Islam. He was born in 570 to the clan of the Quraysh in Mecca. (Bloom,27). His father died before he was born and his mother died at the age of six. With little guidance from his grandfather and uncle, Muhammad was raised independently and self assertively. Mecca however, was still governed by the tribal societies of the desert and membership in the tribe was determined by blood descent. Although each tribe worshipped its own Gods, all Arabs worshipped the Kabba, located in Mecca. Muhammad grew up working as a merchants assistant and at the age of 25 he married Khadija, a wealthy widow with high social status. (Bloom,28). After the confusion and doubt on what to do with his life, Muhammad left the Meccan society and lived in isolation on Mount Hira, where he received his first revelation at the age of 40, and began to spread the faith of God or Allah. (Bloom, 29). Muhammad believed these revelations were from God given to him by the Angel Gabriel. These visions attracted followers from all over and what is now called the Quran. The message he tried to convey was that there is only one God and you must submit to Gods will. He became kind of a social activist, who was critical of polytheism, materialism and the unjust treatment of the po...

Incidents Which Led to the Enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Research Paper

Incidents Which Led to the Enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Research Paper Example This paper declares that corporation was involved in an elaborate scam and financial machinations, such as exaggerating the positive financial statements, performing transactions through the shady dealings, omissions and misrepresentations; and insider trading. In spite of the possible prevention of complete collapse, the Enron’s officers continued to hide the financial problems of the company. The Act is comprised of key provisions that describe the specific requirements, mandatory for preparing financial reports. This report makes a conclusion that the Enron’s scandal is considered to be a crucial moment in the history of the American economics and business, which has led to the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002. Relying on the â€Å"advanced experience of financial frauds†, American government developed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act addressing to the main pitfalls discovered during the whole â€Å"pleiads† of financial frauds and bankruptcies. Even though the SOX is recognized to be a major improvement to corporate governance, it still has significant constraints. Experts tend to criticize this Act, concluding that new provisions are not flexible and hardly achievable in real situations. Obviously, just enacting regulations and legal restrictions are not enough to prevent and deter financial reporting frauds. Probably such acts do not provide expected results, because human nature still lacks ethical educational and strong moral principles.

The bridge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The bridge - Essay Example Millennium Bridge was designed to carry large load and a degree of structure’s movement was expected and taken into account. However, after about 80Â  000 people crossed it on the opening day, some vibration was detected. The bridge began to sway sideways noticeably, and the movement became so strong that people could not walk steady any more; many had to cling to the sides of the bridge to maintain balance. The phenomenon of bridge sideways movement is not unique to the Millennium Bridge only. There were other structures, completely different from the given bridge that, to a various degree, suffered the same effect. However, those cases have not been widely publicized, thus the phenomenon, known as Synchronous Lateral Excitation, was not anticipated and has not been given enough attention by bridge engineers. When people walk they have a natural sway motion. This very motion causes small regular vibrations, which, as the result of chance correlation, generated slight lateral movement of the bridge. When that happened, pedestrians instinctively adjusted and synchronized their motion with bridge’s movement to counteract the effect and to walk more comfortably.

Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Essay Example for Free

Pros and Cons of Capital Punishment Essay The most severe of all sentences: that of death. Also known as the death penalty, capital punishment is the most severe form of corporal punishment. It has been banned in many countries, in the United States, an earlier move to eliminate capital punishment has now been reversed and more and more states are resorting to capital punishment for serious offenses such as murder. An Eye for and eye, a life for a life, who has never heard of the famous Lex Talionis? The Bible mentions it, and people have been using it regularly for centuries. We use it in reference to burglary, adultery, love and many other situations. However, some people use it on a different level, some people use it in reference to death. One steals from those who have stolen from him, one wrongs those who have wronged him, but do we really have the right to kill those who have killed. Today, there is a big controversy over capital punishment whether or not it works, or if it is morally right. We have a certain privilege on our own lives, but do the lives of others belong to us as well? Do we have the right to decide the kind of lives others can or cannot live? We find someone guilty of murder and sentence him to death, does that not make murderers out of ourselves? Can justice justify our acts? Those who assist in the death penalty are they not partners in crime? Is the death penalty a Cruel and Unusual punishment or is it now a necessary tool in the war on crime? With the increase in crime and violence in our society, how does the death penalty affect a North American family. Use of the death penalty has declined throughout the industrial Western World since the 19th century. In 1972, movement in America to have the death penalty declared unconstitutional during the landmark case of Furman v. Georgia, which declared the death penalty cruel and unusual punishment. However, after a supreme court decision in 1975, Gregg v. Georgia, which stated capital punishment did not violate the eighth Amendment, executions commenced again under state supervision. (Van der Haag, 1975, 3-4). There are seven main types of execution: Hanging, where the prisoner is blindfolded and stands on a trap door, with a rope around his neck. The trap door is opened suddenly. The weight of the prisoner’s body below the neck causes traction separating the spinal cord from the brain. The second most widely used technique is shooting, where a firing quad shoots the prisoner from some meters away. Another method is Guillotine, a device consisting of a heavy blade held aloft between upright guides and dropped to behead the victim below. Then there was garroting, in which a tightened iron collar is used to strangle or break the neck of a condemned person. One of the more recent is Electrocution where the prisoner is fastened to a chair by his chest, groin, arms and legs. Electrodes are placed around a band around the head, then jolts of 4-8 amperes at voltage between 500 and 2000 volts are applied at half a minute at a time. The newest forms of execution are Lethal Injection where a lethal poison is injected into the prisoners arm or the Gas Chamber where the prisoner is placed in a room with Sodium Cyanide crystals and left to die. (Meltser, 1973, 21-26) There are four major issues in the capital punishment debate, the first being deterrence. A major purpose of criminal punishment is to deter future criminal conduct. The deterrence theory suggests that a rational person will avoid criminal behavior if the severity of the punishment outweigh the benefits of the illegal conduct. It is believed that fear of death deters people from committing crimes. Most criminals would think twice before committing murder if they knew their own lives was at stake. That if attached to certain crimes, the penalty of death exerts a positive moral influence by placing a stigma on certain crimes like manslaughter, resulting in attitudes of disgust and horror to such acts. (McCuen, 1985, 11) Studies of the deterrent effect of the death penalty have been conducted for several years, with varying results. Most of these studies have failed to produce evidence that the death penalty deterred murders more effectively then the threat of imprisonment. The reason for this is that few people are executed and so the death penalty is not a satisfactory deterrent. If capital punishment were carried out more it would prove to be the crime deterrent it was partly intended to be. During highly publicized death penalty cases the homicide rate is found to go down but it goes back up when the case is over. (Bailey, 1994, 42) When comparisons are made between states with the death penalty and states without, the majority of death penalty states show murder rates higher than non-death penalty states. The average murder rate per 100,000 population in 1996 among death penalty states was 7.1, the average murder rate among non-death penalty states was only 3.6. A look at neighboring death penalty and non-death penalty states show similar trends. Death penalty states usually have a higher murder rate than their neighboring non- death penalty states. (Death Penalty Information Center) The second issue in the capital punishment debate is retribution. The need for society to express sufficient condemnation for heinous murders. Supporters of the death penalty contend that the only proper response to the most vile murders is the most sever punishment possible. Therefore, society should literally interpret the â€Å"eye for an eye† principle when an individual takes a life, society’s moral balance will remain upset until the killer’s life is also taken. (Block, 1983, 112) Although death penalty opponents disagree society should be able to express its outrage with a vile crime by inflicting capital punishment. They suggest that they are showing outrage for taking a life by talking the life of another. (Bedau, 1982, 88) Use of the death penalty as intended by law could actually reduce the number of violent murders by eliminating some of the repeat offenders thus being used as a system of justice, not just a method of deterrence. Modern supporters of capital punishment no longer view the death penalty as a deterrent, but just as a punishment for the crime, one source said, in recent years the appeal of deterrence has been supplanted by a frank desire for what large majorities see as just vengeance.† (Bailey, 1994, 55) The third major issue is arbitrariness determined by or arising from whim or impulse rather than judgment or reason. â€Å"From the days of slavery in which black people were considered property, through the years of lynching and Jim Crow laws, capital punishment has always been deeply affected by race. Unfortunately, the days of racial bias in the death penalty are not a remnant of the past.† (NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund) Fairness requires that people who break the same law under similar circumstances should meet with the same punishment, however the justice system is not consistent. Statistics show that a black man who kills a white person is 11 times more likely to receive the death penalty than a white man who kills a black person. And blacks who kill blacks have even less to worry about. Its almost like we kind of say, Oh, well, he needed killing anyhow.† (NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund) The fourth debate is the danger of mistake. In the past, there were many people wrongfully executed for crimes that they did not commit all in the name of justice. It has happened that after the execution of the alleged guilty party, the real murderer confessed to elevate his guilty conscience. â€Å"No matter how careful courts are, the possibility of perjured testimony, mistaken honest testimony, and human error remain all too real. We have no way of judging how many innocent persons have been executed, but we can be certain there were some.† J. Marshall (Bailey, 1994, 38) The unique thing about the death penalty is that it is final and irreversible. Since 1970, 77 people have been released from death row with evidence of their innocence. Researchers Radelet Bedau found 23 cases since 1900 where innocent people were executed, and the numbers are growing. With stories of people like Rolando Cruz, released after 10 years on Illinoiss death row, despite the fact that another man had confessed to the crime shortly after his conviction; and Ricardo Aldape Guerra, who returned to Mexico after 15 years on Texass death row because of a prosecution that a federal judge called outrageous and designed to simply achieve another notch on the prosecutors guns. (Death Penalty Information Center) There are safeguards guaranteeing protection of those facing the death penalty. These safeguards are : The defendant can not be insane, and the man’s real or criminal intent must be present. Also, minors very rarely receive the death penalty because they are not fully mature and might not know the consequences of their actions. Finally the mentally retarded are very seldom executed. The reason for not executing the retarded is that they often have difficulty defending themselves in court, have problems remembering details, locating witnesses, and testifying credibly on their own behalf. These safeguards are to try to insure that justice will be served without having it suffer. (Bailey, 1994, 147) It costs up to three times the amount to keep a prisoner on death row than it would be to keep them in prison for the rest of their lives. The expense comes from the long drawn out appeals process that we are giving our criminals, and the court appointed attorneys that the poor are receiving. (Death Penalty Information Center) The death penalty costs the state of North Carolina 2.6 million per execution while it costs the whole nation [United States] 700 million since 1976. And it’s the same everywhere, Florida spent an estimated $57 million on the death penalty from 1973 to 1988 to achieve 18 executions that is an average of $3.2 million per execution. (Miami Herald, July 10, 1988). In Texas, a death penalty case costs an average of $2.3 million, about three times the cost of imprisoning someone in a single cell at the highest security level for 40 years. However it is also a form of insurance that the criminal will never commit another crime again. (Death Penalty Information Center) In the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) the death penalty was required for a wide range of offenses, both civil and religious. In the following passages from the King James Version of the Bible, Jehovah required the state to execute a person for murder: Genesis 9:6 states: Whoso sheddeth mans blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man. If sufficient proof were provided that a person had committed a crime, the state imposed the death penalty on the guilty person(s). They were either stoned to death, impaled or burned alive. Witnesses who testified at the trial would often participate in the killing. To their credit, the courts of ancient Israel required very high levels of proof of criminality before they would order the death penalty (Horwitz, 1973, 36) Of course, a person may think it is immoral to kill someone no matter what they have done. When I say it is retributive justice to take the life in turn for the taking of another life, it could be argued that a criminal is not able to learn a lesson since he dies as an immediate result of the punishment. How can this be called punishment if no lesson is taught? In my opinion, the only way for justice to be served is to have the criminal pay with their life, â€Å" an eye for an eye.† Many people believe that capital punishment does not belong in a civilized society. I believe it is needed because we do not live in a civilized society, if we did there would be no crime. We live in a day and age where killing happens everyday, and many get away with it. Those who do get caught, don’t stay in a jail cell for the rest of their live. If we could rig our streets of murderers, it could mean a safer place for everyone. Men and women could feel safer jogging or doing errands at night. Single women could feel safer in their homes. Children could feel safe playing in their yards. No executed murderer has ever killed again. References The Death Penalty in America 256-63 (H. Bedau ed., 3d ed. 1982) E. Van den Haag, Punishment as a Device for Controlling the Crime Rate, 33 Rutgers L, Rev. 706, 719 (1981) H. Gross, A Theory of Criminal Justice 489 (1979) Ehrlich Gibbons, On the Measurement of the Deterrent Effect of Capital Punishment and the Theory of Deterrence, 6 J. Legal Stud. 35 (1977). Bedau Radelet, Miscarriages of Justice in Potentially Capital Cases (1st draft, Oct. 1985) E. Van der Haag, Punishing Criminals 196-206 (1975). C.F. Phllips, The Deterrent Effect of Capital Punishment: New Evidence on an Old Controversy, 86 Am. J. Soc. 139 (1980). Baumgart, R. A. McCuen, Gary E. Reviving the Death Penalty. Madison, WI: Gary McCuen, 1985: 22. Electrocution. Academic American Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Grolier, 1993: 113. Clark, Lesley. Florida execution of 350-pound inmate turns bloody. Miami Herald. 10 July 1988.

Female Sexuality & Desire in Chopins The Storm Essay -- Chopin Storm

Female Sexuality & Desire in Chopin's The Storm  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   In Kate Chopin's time traditional patriarchal notions about women and sexuality deemed sexual passion a negligible, even improper, aspect of women's lives. Yet Chopin boldly addresses a woman's sexual desire in her short story "The Storm". This story shockingly details a torrid extramarital sexual encounter between Calixta and Alcee` in the midst of a raging storm. While this story line could have been presented in a traditional light, perhaps as a lesson about the evils of uninhibited female sexuality, Chopin maintains a non-judgmental stance by refraining from moralizing about the sanctity of marriage or impropriety of Calixta's actions. In failing to condemn and even condoning Calixta's actions, as well acknowledging the existence and depth of sexual desire in women, Chopin imbues "The Storm" with a strong feminist tone and calls the very institution of marriage into question. The mere presence of Calixta's sexual desire and certainly its marked intensity make this story revolutionary in its feminist statement about female sexuality. Chopin uses the conceit of a thunderstorm to describe the development, peak, and ebbing of passion in the encounter between Calixta and Alcee`. At first, Calixta is unaware of the approaching storm, just as her sexual desire might be on an unconscious level; yet, as the storm approaches, Calixta grows warm and damp with perspiration. Chopin deliberately juxtaposes these two events when she writes that Calixta, "felt very warm...she unfastened her white saque at the throat. It began to grow dark and suddenly realizing the situation she got up and hurriedly went about closing windows and doors" (282). The gathering storm serves as ... ...s Chopin expresses in this story would certainly have seemed outrageous to her contemporary society and would have been grounds for an almost universal condemnation of Chopin and her work. She daringly celebrates female sexuality and uses this celebration as a feminist assertion about women's equal potentialities and rights to express themselves and experience pleasure. That "every one was happy" when the storm passed suggests that revolutionizing traditional concepts of gender and marriage will change everyone's, especially women's, lives for the better. Works Cited Chopin, Kate. "The Storm: A Sequel to 'The 'Cadian Ball'." Kate Chopin: The Awakening and Selected Stories. New York: Penguin, 1984. 281-86. Gilbert, Sandra M. "Introduction: The Second Coming of Aphrodite." Kate Chopin: The Awakening and Selected Stories. New York: Penguin, 1984. 7-33.   

Islam and Religious Group Essay

Select at least 1 religious and 1 ethnic group not your own from the list below. †¢Religious groups (based on http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/affiliations-all-traditions.pdf) oChristianity †¢Evangelical Protestant †¢Mainline Protestant †¢Historically Black Churches †¢Roman Catholic †¢Latter-Day Saints (Mormons) †¢Jehovah’s Witnesses †¢Orthodox (Greek, Eastern) oJudaism (Orthodox, Conservative, or Reform) oBuddhism (Theravada or Mahayana) oIslam (Sunni, Shia, Sufism) oHinduism †¢Ethnic groups (based on divisions in U.S. Census Bureau documents) oAsian (Asian descent) oBlack (African descent) oHispanic and Latino (South or Central American descent) oPacific Islander (Polynesian descent) oWhite (European descent) Part III Answer the following questions in 150 to 250 words each about the religious group you selected: †¢How does your selected religious group differ from other religious groups (such as in their beliefs, worship practices, or values)? †¢What has been the experience of your selected religious group with others that do not share its beliefs or practices? †¢In what ways has the religious group you selected contributed to American culture? †¢Provide specific examples of prejudice or discrimination your selected religious group has experienced. †¢What were the sources of this prejudice or discrimination? †¢Does what you’ve learned about this religious group help you understand it? In what ways? Answer the following questions in 150 to 250 words each about the ethnic group you selected: †¢How does your selected ethnic group differ from other ethnic groups (such as differences in ancestry, language, or culture)? †¢What has been your selected ethnic group’s experience with other ethnic groups? †¢In what ways has the ethnic group you selected contributed to American culture? †¢Identify some specific examples of prejudice or discrimination that your selected ethnic group has experienced historically. †¢What were the sources of this prejudice or discrimination? †¢Does what you’ve learned about this ethnic group help you understand it? How? Part IV Answer the following questions in 150 to 250 words each: †¢How are the prejudice and discrimination experienced by your selected religious group and ethnic group similar? †¢How are they different? †¢Can you draw any conclusions about discrimination from this comparison

Classifications of Market Structures in the US

In the United States economy most markets can be classified into four different markets structures. But, each and every market in the United States is completely unique from the others. Generally the best type of market structure for the general public is per-fect competition because it creates the lowest possible price for the public. There are some exceptions were perfect competition isn†t the best choice for the public on account of various reasons. The United States Postal Service is one of them and since the Postal Service is a monopoly, it is its own market. This paper will discuss the budget dilemmas that the postal service has faced for the past twenty years and if it is in the best interest of the economy for the United States Postal Service to continue as a monopoly. The first time there was talk of privatizing the Postal Service was in 1979 when the Postal Service was losing vast amounts of money in the long run. But since the Postal Service is a necessity for America, the government had to subsidize the service in order for it to continue in operation. In 1979 the United States Postal Service had a cash flow of $22. Billion and was additionally receiving $176 million from investing(#1, Intro). Even with this added revenue the Postal Service was still greatly under funded on its own (#1, Intro). During this time it was discussed to privatize the postal service and introduce competition because of the extreme losses that the service was experiencing. A positive argument for privatizing the Postal Service was with numerous competitors in the market there would be more efficiency and the public would receive lower prices. But this would also increase the usage of resources, for example airplanes and cars. One of the problems the Post Office had was its receipts from consumer purchases that were submitted the next day after the transaction (#1, i). If the receipts were submitted earlier the postal service would receive more money because they could invest that money sooner (#1, i). Another way the Postal Service could increased profits was by competitively selecting banks that would give them higher interest rates and such (#1, ii). Probably the most relevant and final way to improve the budget of the Postal Service is to improve the bookkeeping poli-cies and banking techniques (#1, ii). Not only did the Post Service propose to increase profits but they also proposed to cut costs in a number of ways. There were three methods that were proposed in 1946 for the protection of salaries that no longer exists (#2, Intro). These have to do with the rural mail carriers. Under this antiquated method of delivering mail the Postal Service was los-ing money to any mail that went to â€Å"rural† areas (#2, i) There are 48,000 mail carriers that deliver mail to millions of families that are considered to be living in rural settings; this osts the postal Service 858 million dollars a year (#2, i). This is a fairly easy problem to fix considering how much money is being lost. It was proposed that money loss could be significantly cut down if the Postal Service corrected the following problems. The rural mail carriers were assigned a certain amount of time to deliver to a specific rural area, this method was out of date and because of this the carriers have free time for which they got paid for (#2, ii). The next problem was that other mail routes based pay on how many miles he route covered, so the carriers were getting paid by the mile (#2, iii). With this problem fixed the Postal Service could saved 26. 8 million a year (#2, iii). There was also an hourly rate that was in effect which indirectly promoted inefficient service (#2, iii). A stop to this could have saved the Postal Service $255,000 a year (#2, iii). From the num-bers mentioned above, it can be seen why the United States Postal Service was losing so much money. These problems did indeed eventually did get solved over the past fifteen years and now the Postal Service is making record reaking profits. Now in the first quarter of the fiscal year 1996 the Postal Service already has a net income of $1. 2 billion (#3, 1). Now not only is the Postal Service just breaking even, but they are also making a profit. On top of that, the 1. 2 billion dollar figure is 115 billion dollars better then the quarterly forecast predicted (#3,1). It is incredible that they are not only making a reasonable profit but it is increasing over the years. The Postal Service is also now reducing debts. An example of this is when the Postal Service redeemed a 1.5 illion dollar loan two years in advance which will save them 22 million dollars of interest in the next two years (#3,1). The Postal Service isn†t stopping with the revenue that it is receiving now. The Postal Service is planning to increase its international revenues of $1. 2 billion by twice the amount in the next five years and ten-fold by the year 2005 (#5, 1). The Postal Service is continually working to â€Å"streamline† their operations for the future that they are now run-ning. The Postal Service is continualy looking to cut back on borrowing money. All of the recent financial borrowing has been through the Federal Financing Bank, but the Postal Service now is looking into outside sources, such as bonds in the public markets (#5, 2). Business are starting to get jealous of the Postal Service because of the great prof-its it is experiencing. The Postal Service is now making a major impact on the United States Economy (#6, 1). Business are pointing out that in 1995 the Postal Service had records of $1. 8 billion in net income and a 1. 7 billion dollar debt reduction (#6, 1). The $54 billion revenue that the Postal Service is ringing in would put them in 12th place on the Fortune 500 list and 33rd on the Fortune Global 500, with the worlds largest corpora-tions (#6,1). A recent study showed that domestic direct mail sales were at $333 billion in the year 1994 (#6,1). This figure is expected to reach over $500 billion by the year 2000 (#6,1). It can be seen throughout this paper how the United States Postal Service in-creased profits and does not have to borrow as much money as before. It seems that the Postal Service is doing just fine while it is a monopoly. But there are still two arguments for and gainst the Postal Service continuing to remain a monopoly. On one side compe-tition is thought to make industries in the market more efficient and practice more innova-tive (#4, 1). But on the other hand the competition is also thought to lead to â€Å"a wide-spread cream skimming, with the postal service left only the high-cost, unprofitable markets (#4, 1). † So who is to know which market would be better for the American economy as far as the Postal Service goes. But it is speculated if the United States Postal Service does keep increasing its profits over the years, maybe it will be privatized.

Gas vs electric essays

Gas vs electric essays The Greatest Challenge Facing the World Today Problems tend to exist no matter what part of the world you explore. As each day goes by many new problems arise involving people of all nationalities. There is never one distinct complication among the many presently introduced that needs attention. Yet there are problems that do deserve immediate action. One of these major dilemmas would be the gasoline price. People experiencing these prices are being forced to pay enormous amounts of hard earned money while traveling to and from necessary destinations. This income could be used for more important aspects in life such as personal expenses. Commercial organizations are highly affected by the increasing prices. For example, farmers have to spend more money to pay for the gasoline in their tractors. This can eventually lead to the corruption of this agricultural industry. The outrageous gasoline costs are one of the many challenges affecting the world today. It is no secret that the automobile has become an important aspect of everyday life. It makes travel much easier due to the fact that the destination point will be reached in a substantial amount of time. As the years have gone by the cars we purchase have escalated in price. The cause of this is due to the advanced equipment, which is now placed in these vehicles. Not only is there a high price being paid for the vehicle, but there are also the outrageous gasoline expenses along with this initial payment. With both the gasoline and automobile price increasing there are complications that arise. A large percent of the population may not have the option to invest their money into such a costly expense. If the work forces of America do not have transportation to their jobs, then an extreme crisis could evolve. It would be a disgrace for this nation to fall due to overpriced gasoline. It has been stated that pollution is the reason for the high gasoline c ...

Heres How to Navigate a Twitter Pitch Party (and Land a Book Deal)

Heres How to Navigate a Twitter Pitch Party (and Land a Book Deal) The Ins and Outs of a Twitter Pitch Party If you're familiar with the traditional publishing landscape, you'll know that it's really hard to land a book deal without an agent, and it's impossible to get an agent without sending dozens of query letters†¦ There are, however, a few ways to  get to know agents before you submit to them. One is to go to conferences. Another one is Twitter Pitch Parties - and those don't require you leaving even your house!In this post, publisher, author and professional speaker L. Diane Wolfe explains what these "parties" are, and how they can help you find that agent or get that book deal you've been dreaming of! Wolfe is also an administrator for the Insecure Writer’s Support Group, which is launching its annual Twitter Pitch Party on January 18, 2018. Details here.You’ve probably heard of pitch parties or seen one in action. There are dozens upon dozens of pitch parties throughout the year. Some draw over a thousand participants. If you’re not familiar with the con cept, you might be wondering†¦What is a Twitter pitch party? Hosted by an organization, individual, or publisher, a Twitter pitch party usually lasts twelve hours. Using the designated hashtag for the event, writers Tweet a summary/pitch of their manuscript. Publishers and agents watch the hashtag feed and â€Å"heart† pitches that interest them. Writers receiving a â€Å"heart† can then submit a completed query. And the best part? It’s already been requested, which means it won’t be an unsolicited query that falls into the slush pile.Each organizer has its own set of rules, but these are the general guidelines:Writer Tweets must include the Twitter pitch hashtag. (#IWSGPit, #PitMad, etc.)Tweets must also include the appropriate genre hashtag. (e.g. #YA)Tweets can only be sent out at intervals - once an hour, once every other hour, etc.You can re-Tweet your friends’ Tweets, but do not â€Å"heart† them.Publishers and agents will â€Å"heart† the pitches that interest them, inviting those writer s to send a query. Looking for an agent? Take a look at upcoming Twitter Pitch Parties in your genre! Who should enter a Twitter pitch?Any writer with a complete and polished manuscript that is ready for querying or in the process of being queried. (Unless you have already signed with an agent or publisher, or your manuscript is under exclusive consideration.) Writers should check the dates of pitch events and the genres featured. Some include a wide variety of genres and some are very specific. Find the pitch contests that fit your manuscript best.Preparation is key. Familiarize yourself with the participating publishers and agents if they are listed on the host site. You can then tailor your Tweets to what they seek. Write your pitch Tweets in advance, crafting 3-4 different ones for each manuscript. Be sure to leave room for hashtags and include all those that pertain to your story in your Tweets. Avoid the use of images, including â€Å"possible† cover art. Write your pitch tweets in advance and craft 3-4 different ones for each manuscript. How to make the most out of the pitch partyOn the day of the event, start Tweeting at the appropriate time. Remember to send Tweets out at the requested intervals and alternate your Tweets so participants aren’t seeing the same one over and over. Some publishers and agents tune in early and some later in the day, so you’ll have to continue checking the hashtag feed. Check your own profile and note any â€Å"hearts† on your pitches. You can also check on the competition and do a search for your genre’s hashtag among the Twitter pitches. If you receive â€Å"hearts† on your pitch, go to that publisher or agent’s Twitter profile first. Many will tweet how they want to receive the pitch queries. Whether they do or not, visit their website and read the submission guidelines. Even if it was a requested query, you still want to follow etiquette and send a proper query. Before you send any query, double-check the publisher or agent’s reputation. Go a general Google search and check sites such as Critters Workshop or SFWA. When you send your query, be sure to note that it was a Twitter pitch request (using the pitch’s hashtag) in the email’s subject line. If you get your Twitter pitch "hearted," make sure you follow the agent's guidelines when submitting! If you don’t receive any â€Å"hearts,† don’t despair. This business is all about timing. Perhaps your pitch sounded similar to a book already in production. Or perhaps the right publisher missed your pitch. Take this opportunity to fine-tune your pitch for the next pitch party. And of course, continue sending query letters to agents and publishers on your list. Twitter parties don’t replace actual query letters, but they are a great way to test the waters and perhaps get a request. There are hundreds of success stories - you might be one pitch party away from yours.If you’re ready to jump into a Twitter pitch party, the Insecure Writer’s Support Group is hosting one on January 18, 2018. Details can be found here.  Lists of Twitter pitch parties can also be found at Carissa Taylor's blog and John R Berkowitz's. Join @TheIWSG's Twitter pitch party on January 18 for a chance to land a publishing deal! Have you had any luck with Twitter pitches in the past? Share your success stories with us, or feel free to ask Wolfe any question about pitches in the comments below!

Lao-Tzu viewpoints on Taoist Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lao-Tzu viewpoints on Taoist Philosophy - Essay Example Life and death form a part of the transformation processes, which constitute the Taoist world. Death, as much as life, belongs to the realm of "naturalness," that which is "so of itself". Tao means literally possessing spiritual essences in one's body. So long as they remain in the body, death simply cannot happen which repositions the commentary from cosmology and religion to focus on Taoist practical philosophy. In what sense can "naturalness" be said to complement "long life" Two separate claims need to be distinguished here. On the one hand, if the concept of naturalness is taken seriously, any attempt to prolong life by artificial means is doomed to failure and must be rejected. On the other hand, if careful steps are not taken to preserve life, the natural flow of things is also interrupted. The natural life span of an individual, given the cosmological underpinning of the commentary, is evidently determined by one's energy endowment. Individual differences notwithstanding, human beings have been given a proper "mandate" to prosper and live long while the energy could be in any form. There are, however, obstacles, which may jeopardize one's natural longevity. If the body is destroyed, the "five spirits" disperse; if the body is harmed, the spirits hasten their departure. For this reason, the body must be well taken care of, and the conditions, under which the vital essence may be adversely influenced, must be clearly identified. Actual longevity, in other words, reflects not only a richly endowed body but also a well-maintained abode of the spirits. In attempting to explain to you the complex relationship between Tao, being, and nonbeing, I defers some words: "Since the Tao is unnamable, it therefore cannot be comprised in words. But since we wish to speak about it, we are forced to give it some kind of designation. We therefore call it Tao, which is really not a name at all. That is to say, to call the Tao Tao, is not the same as to call a table table . . Tao is not itself a thing." Tao cannot be compared to any cosmological supreme being. Tao is not a being but lies beyond shapes and features. In the context of the transition from a religion based on divination and sacrifice, centered on the ruling nobility, to recognition of the moral autonomy of the individual. The Tao-te-ching represents the voice of those who recognize the power of desirelessness, humility, passivity, lowliness, imperfection, stillness, and intuition. I have linked mysticism with the cultivation of the human potential for good, not with union with an Absolute. Unlike Western philosophy, I have insisted to accept Chinese philosophy as a lived philosophy; its purpose is not simply to "acquire . . . knowledge," but to "develop . . . character". I have debated several times with Girardot as his argument echoes the earlier issue concerning the relationship between Tao and concepts of God; he suggests that the distinction between the Tao-te-ching and later Taoism rests on false assumptions about the nature of religion. He further argues that the Tao-te-ching is a religious text

Develop a Research Repository web Application tool Essay

Develop a Research Repository web Application tool - Essay Example The architecture will employ 3-tier where there will be the user end, business logic end and the server end. The user-end will have a system that will enable the users to access the repository. The server end will have a database which will be used to store the research materials. The database will make use of Oracle 11g. There will be a connection of these applications so that the application connects to the database (Brian, 2007). Access to the application and to the database will be achieved using web interface. The application that is used will be the browser that the users are using. There will be security of the system so that not everybody will access the system. The restriction will be differentiated so that there are restrictions for the outsiders and restrictions for members. The restrictions for outsiders will be that these users will not access the whole system completely. This is because the users will access only the parts that are of interest to them. The system admini strators and the IT staff will have the privileges that will enable them to access most of the tools and places in the system. They are tasked with maintaining the system and they need to access the whole system. There will be a user interface that will allow this access to be implemented. From the description, there is the back-end of the system and also the front-end. The back-end represents the database and the server. The back-end will be operated upon by the administrators of the system. There are times that the database will fail. There is therefore a need to ensure that it is restored back to work (Brian, 2007). With the new system, users and researchers will be required to fill in forms that will describe the research work they are interested in and send it to the system. The work that the researcher is interested in will be searched in the database. The research work that will be submitted will be approved by the staff and then approved to be added to the database. The arti cles that are added to the system will be categorized based on their nature. Detailed analysis of the tool Most of the requests will be made to the server by users. This will mean that the requests will be made through a web based system. There will be an internet connection that will help to connect the users and the server end part of the system. Without this connection, the connection and the access will not be made possible. The application that will handle all the requests will be developed using the C# programming language. This will reside in the server part of the web-based system. There are possibilities to have connections in Visual Studio either to databases or web services. The connection to the end users will be done through web service connection and the services to the back-end part of the system will be done using database connectivity. The database that will be used is Oracle 11g. The architecture in diagram 1 shows that the server and database are running on the se rver end of the system. Figure 1: Basic architecture The connection of the database and the application will be done using the functionality of the Visual Studio 2010. There is a tool that enables Visual Studio to connect to data that are from any source. When using Visual Studio, there is a tool that is used to create a connection. All connections have the same members. The property that will be used in the connection is that of ConnectionString property. This property has a

Riots Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Riots - Essay Example The protesters rallied with Gray’s family in a bid to find answers as to what happened to Gray while he was under police custody. The protesters rallied to help his family find the truth. The protests turned violent on the Monday night of 27th April 2015, when rioters began to damage buildings and destroy police vehicles. The violent protests resulted to looting of several stores and businesses. The protesters pushed to get explanation on Gray’s death and for justice. The protests resembled those held in Ferguson, Missouri, and New York after the deaths of unarmed African American men while under police custody. The Baltimore riots resulted from the arrest and death of Freddie Gray an African American man. The riots were sparked on the basis of calls for justice for Gray’s family and accusation of police brutality and racial profiling of suspects. The protests began peacefully but later turned violent resulting to looting and damaging of public and private goods in Baltimore,

Against Media Censorship Essay Example for Free

Against Media Censorship Essay * On television, music, and most websites, they inform the user about the contents of their website, song, or show; but others (like YouTube) put on age restrictions on them. * I’m sure most of you have had to go through these at some point in your life and have gotten upset when you can’t hear the whole song or watch the whole movie. * I’d like to explain to you all how Media Censorship is in direct violation of the First Amendment and how it can make it harder for kids to learn about certain aspects of life. * The First Amendment is one of our most important Amendments because it allows us, the citizens of the United States, to speak our minds about anything without legal government penalty. * Freedom of speech is no longer considered important to the government. People should be able to express themselves, whether it’s through music, movies, or anything, but instead they have to bleep the cuss for their song to go on the radio and block the inappropriate parts on a movie which can possibly cause a loss in entertainment or power in the message * The morals of people that have been hidden information from and the morals of the people who haven’t been hidden from are completely different. If certain things are hidden from people, then that gives people a curiosity in the subject and may cause people the use of illegal actions to obtain it. * Education isn’t something for kids need to be censored from. * People are curious about life and feel they need to learn more about it, if everything was censored then this can cause parents to be in uncomfortable situations and cause kids to ask more questions. * The government shouldn’t have to tell people what they can and can’t watch or listen to; this should be up to the person or the parents of that particular person. * The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) monitors every radio station, Television broadcast, and music broadcast to make sure that nothing inappropriate is said on the broadcast that they think may ruin the mind of the listeners. * Most music is censored while there are few artists that refuse to censor their music, and nearly all movies are also censored. * The First Amendment states that you have a freedom of speech and the FCC shouldnt be able to take that away. People can be better educated on topics if nothing is censored. * The sound of music and the graphics of movies are some things you all would most likely want to keep. * In conclusion, The media should not be censored and should not be allowed to be censored.

Social Interface :: science

Social Interface In the introduction of the book of Norman Long, â€Å"Battlefields of Knowledge†, Long states that theoretical and the application itself cannot be segregated into their respective venues. His book takes a different perspective specifically by not discriminating between the â€Å"knowledge of understanding† and â€Å"knowledge of action.† Long’s book assumes that the theoretical and the pragmatic issues are so intimately entwined that it would be like separating melted ice from your coke. Long stresses that we must work on an actor-oriented approach where we can base new types of theorization and methodologies. The proposed model suggests that a theoretical technique be developed to take into account the actions of the actors and be able to construe them clearly. It also should show how different analyses work themselves out through accommodation and negotiation. By this method, we concentrate on the performer and recognize the multiple realities and diverse social practices of a variety of actors. The interaction between diverse social interests encourages social change and is essential when it comes to understanding development processes. The intersection where we have different social organization mixing with one another negotiating is called the interface. The interface is where the social systems interacts in their own worlds and where the different actors see their own realities and work on how to achieve certain goals they may have set for themselves or goals that the society they are in have been set for them. For this paper, I will attempt to process the relation of a drug addict under going rehab with his/her therapist through our actor oriented approach and hopefully something intelligent will come out. As stated above, the actors are the physician and the patient. It can be noted that such a small group may not produce much of a social change but from trivial matters arise serious obstacles. We may use this interface as to how our society views such a problem and tries to resolve it. Drug addiction in our country has recently become a growing concern for our citizen. Designer drugs have entered our country from illegal drug exporting countries like China or Thailand. And instead of enticing the usual mid-thirties demographic, these pushers peddle their merchandize to young teenagers ranging from twelve to twenty, most of them still easily influenced by their peers. In order to counter this new scourge that our society faces, we have set up rehabilitation centers or detoxification cente rs for the addicted ones.

Evil: Mark Twain and Higher Animals

From The Damned Human Race by Mark Twain Mark Twain is a central figure in American literature. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, his finest work, is the story of a journey down the Mississippi by two memorable figures, a white boy and a black slave. Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens in 1835 and was raised in Hannibal, Missouri. During his early years, he worked as a riverboat pilot, newspaper reporter, printer, and gold prospector.Although his popular image is as the author of such comic works as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, and The Prince and the Pauper, Twain had a darker side that may have resulted from the bitter experiences of his life: financial failure and the deaths of his wife and daughter. His last writings are savage, satiric, and pessimistic. The following selection is taken from Letters from the Earth, one of his last works. It has been under the title The Damned Human Race and has been printed in numerous essay anthologies.Did todayâ⠂¬â„¢s newspaper feature headlines about people fighting somewhere in the world (Iraq, Afghanistan, Africa)? Most likely, it did. In the following selection, Mark Twain concludes that the combative and cruel nature of human beings makes them the lowest of creatures, not the highest. With scathing irony, he supplies a startling reason for humans’ warlike nature. The Damned Human Race Mark Twain I have been studying the traits and dispositions of the lower animals (so-called), and contrasting them with the traits and dispositions of man.I find the result humiliating to me. For it obliges me to renounce my allegiance to the Darwinian theory of the Ascent of Man from the Lower Animals; since it now seems plain to me that the theory ought to be vacated in favor of a new and truer one, this new and truer one to be named the Descent of Man from the Higher Animals. In proceeding toward this unpleasant conclusion I have not guessed or speculated or conjectured, but have used what is c ommonly called the scientific method. That is to say, I have subjected every postulate that presented itself to the crucial test of ctual experiment, and have adopted it or rejected it according to the result. Thus I verified and established each step of my course in its turn before advancing to the next. These experiments were made in the London Zoological Gardens, and covered many months of painstaking and fatiguing work. Before particularizing any of the experiments, I wish to state one or two things which seem to more properly belong in this place than further along. This, in the interest of clearness. The massed experiments established to my satisfaction certain generalizations, to wit: 1.That the human race is of one distinct species. It exhibits slight variations (in color, stature, mental caliber, and so on) due to climate, environment, and so forth; but it is a species by itself, and not to be confounded with any other. 2. That the quadrupeds are a distinct family, also. Th is family exhibits variations (in color, size, food preferences, and so on; but it is a family by itself). 3. That the other families (the birds, the fishes, the insects, the reptiles, etc. ) are more or less distinct, also. They are in the procession.They are links in the chain which stretches down from the higher animals to man at the bottom. Some of my experiments were quite curious. In the course of my reading I had come across a case where, many years ago, some hunters on our Great Plains organized a buffalo hunt for the entertainment of an English earl. They had charming sport. They killed seventy-two of those great animals; and ate part of one of them and left the seventy-one to rot. In order to determine the difference between an anaconda and an earl (if any) I caused seven young calves to be turned into the anaconda’s cage.The grateful reptile immediately crushed one of them and swallowed it, then lay back satisfied. It showed no further interest in the calves, and n o disposition to harm them. I tried this experiment with other anacondas; always with the same result. The fact stood proven that the difference between an earl and an anaconda is that the earl is cruel and the anaconda isn’t; and that the earl wantonly destroys what he has no use for, but the anaconda doesn’t. This seemed to suggest that the anaconda was not descended from the earl.It also seemed to suggest that the earl was descended from the anaconda, and had lost a good deal in the transition. I was aware that many men who have accumulated more millions of money than they can ever use have shown a rabid hunger for more, and have not scrupled to cheat the ignorant and the helpless out of their poor servings in order to partially appease that appetite. I furnished a hundred different kinds of wild and tame animals the opportunity to accumulate vast stores of food, but none of them would do it.The squirrels and bees and certain birds made accumulations, but stopped wh en they had gathered a winter s supply, and could not be persuaded to add to it either honestly or by chicane. In order to bolster up a tottering reputation the ant pretended to store up supplies, but I was not deceived. I know the ant. These experiments convinced me that there is this difference between man and the higher animals: he is avaricious and miserly; they are not.In the course of my experiments I convinced myself that among the animals man is the only one that harbors insults and injuries, broods over them, waits till a chance offers, then takes revenge. The passion of revenge is unknown to the higher animals. Roosters keep harems, but it is by consent of their concubines; therefore no wrong is done. Men keep harems but it is by brute force, privileged by atrocious laws which the other sex were allowed no hand in making. In this matter man occupies a far lower place than the rooster. Cats are loose in their morals, but not consciously so.Man, in his descent from the cat, has brought the cats looseness with him but has left the unconsciousness behind (the saving grace which excuses the cat). The cat is innocent, man is not. Indecency, vulgarity, obscenity (these are strictly confined to man); he invented them. Among the higher animals there is no trace of them. They hide nothing; they are not ashamed. Man, with his soiled mind, covers himself. He will not even enter a drawing room with his breast and back naked, so alive are he and his mates to indecent suggestion.Man is The Animal that Laughs. But so does the monkey, as Mr. Darwin pointed out; and so does the Australian bird that is called the laughing jackass. No! Man is the Animal that Blushes. He is the only one that does it or has occasion to. At the head of this article we see how three monks were burnt to death a few days ago, and a prior put to death with atrocious cruelty. Do we inquire into the details? No; or we should find out that the prior was subjected to unprintable mutilations.Man (w hen he is a North American Indian) gouges out his prisoners’ eyes; when he is King John, with a nephew to render untroublesome, he uses a red-hot iron; when he is a religious zealot dealing with heretics in the Middle Ages, he skins his captive alive and scatters salt on his back; in the first Richards time he shuts up a multitude of Jew families in a tower and sets fire to it; in Columbus’s time he captures a family of Spanish Jews and (but that is not printable; in our day in England a man is fined ten shillings for beating his mother nearly to death with a chair, and another man is fined forty shillings for having four pheasant eggs in his possession without eing able to satisfactorily explain how he got them). Of all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel. He is the only one that inflicts pain for the pleasure of doing it. It is a trait that is not known to the higher animals. The cat plays with the frightened mouse; but she has this excuse, that she does n ot know that the mouse is suffering. The cat is moderate (unhumanly moderate: she only scares the mouse, she does not hurt it; she doesnt dig out its eyes, or tear off its skin, or drive splinters under its nails) man-fashion; when she is done playing with it she makes a sudden meal of it and puts it out of its trouble. Man is the Cruel Animal. He is alone in that distinction.The higher animals engage in individual fights, but never in organized masses. Man is the only animal that deals in that atrocity of atrocities, War. He is the only one that gathers his brethren about him and goes forth in cold blood and with calm pulse to exterminate his kind. He is the only animal that for sordid wages will march out, as the Hessians did in our Revolution, and as the boyish Prince Napoleon did in the Zulu war, and help to slaughter strangers of his own species who have done him no harm and with whom he has no quarrel. Man is the only animal that robs his helpless fellow of his country takes p ossession of it and drives him out of it or destroys him. Man has done this in all the ages.There is not an acre of ground on the globe that is in possession of its rightful owner, or that has not been taken away from owner after owner, cycle after cycle, by force and bloodshed. Man is the only Slave. And he is the only animal who enslaves. He has always been a slave in one form or another, and has always held other slaves in bondage under him in one way or another. In our day he is always some mans slave for wages, and does that mans work; and this slave has other slaves under him for minor wages, and they do his work. The higher animals are the only ones who exclusively do their own work and provide their own living. Man is the only Patriot.He sets himself apart in his own country, under his own flag, and sneers at the other nations, and keeps multitudinous uniformed assassins on hand at heavy expense to grab slices of other peoples countries, and keep them from grabbing slices of his. And in the intervals between campaigns, he washes the blood off his hands and works for the universal brotherhood of man, with his mouth. Man is the Religious Animal. He is the only Religious Animal. He is the only animal that has the True Religion, several of them. He is the only animal that loves his neighbor as himself, and cuts his throat if his theology isn’t straight. He has made a graveyard of the globe in trying his honest best to smooth his brother’s path to happiness and heaven.He was at it in the time of the Caesars, he was at it in Mahomet’s time, he was at it in the time of the Inquisition, he was at it in France a couple of centuries, he was at it in England in Mary’s day, he has been at it ever since he first saw the light, he is at it today in Crete (as per the telegrams quoted above) he will be at it somewhere else tomorrow. The higher animals have no religion. And we are told that they are going to be left out, in the Hereafter. I wonder why? It seems questionable taste. Man is the Reasoning Animal. Such is the claim. I think it is open to dispute. Indeed, my experiments have proven to me that he is the Unreasoning Animal. Note his history, as sketched above. It seems plain to me that whatever he is he is not a reasoning animal. His record is the fantastic record of a maniac.I consider that the strongest count against his intelligence is the fact that with that record back of him he blandly sets himself up as the head animal of the lot: whereas by his own standards he is the bottom one. In truth, man is incurably foolish. Simple things which the other animals easily learn, he is incapable of learning. Among my experiments was this. In an hour I taught a cat and a dog to be friends. I put them in a cage. In another hour I taught them to be friends with a rabbit. In the course of two days I was able to add a fox, a goose, a squirrel and some doves. Finally a monkey. They lived together in peace; even affectiona tely. Next, in another cage I confined an Irish Catholic from Tipperary, and as soon as he seemed tame I added a Scotch Presbyterian from Aberdeen.Next a Turk from Constantinople; a Greek Christian from Crete; an Armenian; a Methodist from the wilds of Arkansas; a Buddhist from China; a Brahman from Benares. Finally, a Salvation Army Colonel from Wapping. Then I stayed away two whole days. When I came back to note results, the cage of Higher Animals was all right, but in the other there was but a chaos of gory odds and ends of turbans and fezzes and plaids and bones and flesh not a specimen left alive. These Reasoning Animals had disagreed on a theological detail and carried the matter to a Higher Court. One is obliged to concede that in true loftiness of character, Man cannot claim to approach even the meanest of the Higher Animals.It is plain that he is constitutionally incapable of approaching that altitude; that he is constitutionally afflicted with a Defect which must make such approach forever impossible, for it is manifest that this defect is permanent in him, indestructible, ineradicable. I find this Defect to be the Moral Sense. He is the only animal that has it. It is the secret of his degradation. It is the quality which enables him to do wrong. It has no other office. It is in capable of performing any other function. It could never hate been intended to perform any other. Without it, man could do no wrong. He would rise at once to the level of the Higher Animals.Since the Moral Sense has but the one office, the one capacity (to enable man to do wrong) it is plainly without value to him. It is as valueless to him as is disease. In fact, it manifestly is a disease. Rabies is bad, but it is not so bad as this disease. Rabies enables a man to do a thing, which he could not do when in a healthy state: kill his neighbor with a poisonous bite. NC) one is the better man for having rabies: The Moral Sense enables a man to do wrong. It enables him to do wro ng in a thousand ways. Rabies is an innocent disease, compared to the Moral Sense. No one, then, can be the better man for having the Moral Sense. What now, do we find the Primal Curse to have been?Plainly what it was in the beginning: the infliction upon man of the Moral Sense; the ability to distinguish good from evil; and with it, necessarily, the ability to do evil; for there can be no evil act without the presence of consciousness of it in the doer of it. And so I find that we have descended and degenerated, from some far ancestor (some microscopic atom wandering at its pleasure between the mighty horizons of a drop of water perchance) insect by insect, animal by animal, reptile by reptile, down the long highway of smirch less innocence, till we have reached the bottom stage of development (namable as the Human Being). Below us, nothing. Discussion Question: How does Twain use satire in this essay? Be specific and refer to the text along with your explanation. Summary Response Assignment: Write a summary response on Twain’s essay, The Damned Human Race. †¢ †¢In the first part of your paper, the summary, you should objectively (without bias) summarize the essay by discerning only the most significant points Twain makes. Do not include analysis, interpretation, evaluation, or opinion. Simply report the â€Å"guts† of his essay. Use academic, third person voice in this section. In the second part of your paper, the response, comment on Twain’s essay. How do you interpret it? What do you think about it? With which points do you agree or disagree? Why? Evaluate Twain’s essay. Is it effective or ineffective in making his point? Why? Use first person voice in this section because you are providing your own opinion.